Is Piriformis Pain a Neurological Condition?

Piriformis pain may be the result of a herniated disc, an overly tight piriformis muscle or another issue that irritates the sciatic nerve. Piriformis pain is not considered a neurological condition but may be the symptom of a potential neurological problem.

The Sciatic Nerve

• The sciatic nerve is the largest nerve in the body and runs from the lumbar spine to the base of the foot. It often runs through, or under, the piriformis muscle.

The Piriformis Muscle

• The piriformis muscle--a small, cone-shaped muscle in the gluteal region--stabilizes the thigh and can easily become inflamed, or tight, from overuse. A tight piriformis will irritate the sciatic nerve, causing pain in the lower back, piriformis region and down the back of the leg.

The Lumbar Spine & Discs

• The lumbar spine is very flexible and supports the weight of the upper torso. The lumbar discs act as cushions and shock absorbers.

Herniated or Bulging Discs

• Herniated and bulging discs often have no symptoms. However, if the bulging is severe, it may press against the sciatic nerve, causing pain in the lower back, piriformis region and down the back of the leg.

Other Causes of Piriformis Pain

• Injury to the cauda equina--a bundle of nerves that exits the lumbar spine--may also cause piriformis pain, as can structural problems in the hips and lower back.