Epilepsy & Learning

Approximately 40 percent of children ages four to 15 with epilepsy also suffer from one or more additional neurological disorders that result in a learning disability or difficulties, according to the Learning Disabilities Association of America. These can range from minor concentration difficulties to extreme memory impairment and can drastically affect a child's academic standing and self-esteem. Understanding how epilepsy affects learning may help parents and teachers become better prepared to deal with problems when they arise.

Facts About Epilepsy

• Epilepsy is a neurological disorder that affects approximately one to two percent of all people and is characterized by recurrent seizures caused by excess electrical activity in the brain, according to the Epilepsy Foundation. Children account for about one-third of all cases diagnosed each year. Epilepsy may be caused by genetics, head trauma, prenatal injury, medical conditions or diseases such as meningitis or AIDS. In about half the cases, the cause is unknown. Seizures are usually treated with antiepileptic medications.

Types of Learning Disruptions

• Memory problems associated with epilepsy are one of the most common disruptions to learning, according to the Learning Disabilities Association of America. They can range from minor forgetfulness to complete disorientation. Learning can be disrupted in many other ways. Children may have difficulties in one or more areas of math, reading and writing or problems with speech and comprehension. Other disabilities may exist in children with epilepsy, including ADHD, autism or developmental delays.

Epilepsy-Related Causes

• Learning difficulties related to epilepsy can be caused by several different factors. Grand mal seizures can cause memory impairment and the momentary loss of consciousness. During an absence, seizure can prevent a student from hearing what the teacher is saying. Nighttime seizures may increase daytime fatigue, making it difficult for the child to focus. Anti-seizure medications can cause speech problems, drowsiness, restlessness, difficulty concentrating and impaired cognitive functioning, especially if more than one medication is used.

Psychological Effects

• Learning difficulties affect more than a child's academic standing. Children with learning disorders may suffer from chronic low self-esteem and frustration. They may feel embarrassed or ostracized and have difficulties making or keeping friends. The daily struggle can lead to behavior problems in school and at home. The effects can branch out to the entire family, disrupting entire routines and causing strain on marriages, according to the National Center for Learning Disabilities.

Helping a Child with Learning Difficulties

• Take advantage of early intervention programs that may be available through your child's school. Work with professionals to develop a plan, set clear rules and expectations for the child and put emphasis on their strengths. Keep an open line of communication and allow the child to express frustrations. The National Center for Learning Disabilities suggests parents use playtime as an educational tool by encouraging new interests such as music, sports or pets to help the child develop new skills and increase self-esteem.