L-Dopa Side Effects

L-dopa, also called levodopa, is the medication most frequently-prescribed to control symptoms of Parkinson's disease. It is very effective at treating the rigidity and slow movement caused by Parkinson's, but unfortunately, the drug also has serious side effects.

Function

• People with Parkinson's disease have abnormally low levels of the neurotransmitter dopamine. L-dopa works by increasing levels of this chemical in the brain.

Gastrointestinal Effects

• L-dopa can cause gastrointestinal effects including nausea and vomiting. Some levodopa medications contain another drug, such as carbidopa, which helps prevent these side effects.

Cardiovascular Effects

• L-dopa also can cause heart palpitations and irregular heartbeat. Another side effect is low blood pressure, common in the first few weeks of treatment.

Psychological Effects

• Many psychological side effects are possible with L-dopa use, including anxiety, confusion, hallucinations and vivid dreams. If dopamine levels become too high, behavior changes involving lack of self-control can occur, such as gambling or compulsive shopping.

Dyskinesia

• A serious side effect of L-dopa, particularly with long-term use, is dyskinesia. This disorder involves involuntary movements such as arm flailing and rapid blinking. These effects typically are not reversible.