What to Know About Dyskinetic Cerebral Palsy

What is dyskinetic cerebral palsy (DCP)?

Dyskinetic cerebral palsy (DCP) is a rare neurological disorder that primarily affects movement and motor control. It is caused by a brain injury that occurs before, during, or shortly after birth, disrupting normal brain development.

What are the symptoms of DCP?

The symptoms of DCP can vary widely from person to person, depending on the severity of the brain injury. Some common symptoms include:

- Involuntary movements of the limbs, trunk, and face

- Difficulty controlling voluntary movements

- Muscle weakness or stiffness

- Tremors

- Dystonia (sustained muscle contractions)

- Athetosis (slow, writhing movements)

- Choreoathetosis (a combination of chorea and athetosis)

- Speech difficulties

- Learning disabilities

- Intellectual disabilities

- Seizures

- Vision problems

- Hearing loss

- Feeding difficulties

- Gastrointestinal problems

- Drooling

- Sleep disturbances

- Behavioral issues

- Emotional difficulties

What causes DCP?

The exact cause of DCP is unknown, but it is believed to be caused by damage to the brain during pregnancy, birth, or shortly after birth. Some potential causes include:

- Maternal infections during pregnancy, such as rubella or cytomegalovirus

- Premature birth

- Low birth weight

- Lack of oxygen (asphyxia) during birth

- Brain hemorrhage

- Meningitis

- Encephalitis

- Stroke

- Neurotoxic substances

- Genetic disorders

How is DCP diagnosed?

DCP is diagnosed based on the individual's symptoms, a physical examination, and medical imaging studies of the brain, such as MRI or CT scans.

How is DCP treated?

There is no cure for DCP, but treatment options are available to help manage symptoms and improve overall quality of life. Treatments may include:

- Physical therapy to improve movement and coordination

- Occupational therapy to help with daily tasks

- Speech therapy to improve speech and communication skills

- Medications to reduce muscle stiffness and involuntary movements

- Assistive devices, such as wheelchairs, braces, and walkers

- Surgery in some cases to improve mobility or reduce muscle stiffness

- Special education and support services to help with learning disabilities or intellectual disabilities

What is the prognosis for people with DCP?

The prognosis for people with DCP varies depending on the severity of the brain injury. Some individuals may experience mild symptoms that do not significantly affect their daily life, while others may require lifelong care and support. With proper medical treatment and support, many individuals with DCP are able to live full and productive lives.