What must a person demonstrate in order to be diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder?

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental illness characterized by intrusive thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors (compulsions). To be diagnosed with OCD, a person must meet the following criteria in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5):

- Obsessions: Recurrent and persistent thoughts, urges, or images that are intrusive and unwanted. These thoughts can cause significant anxiety or distress and interfere with daily functioning. Common obsessions include fear of contamination, fear of harm to self or others, intrusive sexual thoughts, and perfectionism.

- Compulsions: Repetitive behaviors or mental acts that a person feels driven to perform in response to an obsession or according to rigid rules. These behaviors are aimed at preventing or reducing anxiety or distress or preventing some dreaded event or situation. Common compulsions include washing, checking, counting, repeating certain words or phrases, and hoarding.

- The obsessions or compulsions must be present for at least one hour per day and cause significant distress or impairment in functioning. The symptoms should not be better explained by another mental health disorder, substance abuse, or a general medical condition.

- The symptoms have been present for at least six months.

It's important to note that not everyone who experiences obsessions or compulsions meets the criteria for an OCD diagnosis. The symptoms must be severe enough to cause significant distress or impairment in daily functioning.