What are the effects in down syndrome?

Physical Effects of Down Syndrome

* Distinctive facial features: People with Down syndrome have a characteristic facial appearance, which may include a flattened bridge of the nose, an upward slant to the eyes, and a protruding tongue.

* Short stature: People with Down syndrome are typically shorter than average.

* Hypotonia: Low muscle tone is common in people with Down syndrome, which can lead to delays in motor development.

* Cardiac problems: Congenital heart defects are relatively common in people with Down syndrome.

* Gastrointestinal problems: People with Down syndrome are at an increased risk for certain gastrointestinal problems, such as Hirschsprung disease and celiac disease.

* Eye problems: People with Down syndrome are at an increased risk for certain eye problems, such as cataracts and glaucoma.

* Hearing problems: People with Down syndrome are at an increased risk for hearing loss.

* Thyroid problems: Thyroid problems are relatively common in people with Down syndrome.

* Increased risk of infection: People with Down syndrome are at an increased risk for infections, such as pneumonia and urinary tract infections.

Intellectual and Developmental Effects of Down Syndrome

* Intellectual disability: People with Down syndrome have intellectual disabilities, which range from mild to severe.

* Speech and language delays: People with Down syndrome often have speech and language delays.

* Learning difficulties: People with Down syndrome may have difficulty with learning, especially in areas such as reading, writing, and math.

* Social difficulties: People with Down syndrome may have difficulty with social interactions, such as making friends and fitting in.

* Behavioral problems: People with Down syndrome may exhibit behavioral problems, such as aggression, impulsivity, and hyperactivity.

Other Effects of Down Syndrome

* Increased risk of mental health problems: People with Down syndrome are at an increased risk for certain mental health problems, such as depression and anxiety.

* Reduced life expectancy: People with Down syndrome have a reduced life expectancy, which is typically around 60 years.