Physical Water Therapy

Hydrotherapy, or water-based therapy, has been used for years and includes whirlpools, water spas and swimming pools. Physical water therapy, more commonly known as aquatic therapy, refers to physical therapy done in a water setting. The water environment offers distinct advantages over traditional physical therapy. Aquatic therapy can be practiced in an indoor or outdoor setting. The effects of this type of hydrotherapy vary based on water temperature.

Significance

• The buoyancy of water offers relief to stress normally placed on the body. This improves the body’s ability to function, increasing the potential benefits of therapy. According to the Therapeutic Recreation Directory, aquatic therapy can be ideal for individuals with arthritis, injuries and neurological conditions. Cases in which aquatic therapy might be recommended include cerebral palsy, traumatic brain injuries, autism, Down’s syndrome, scoliosis, junior rheumatoid arthritis and spina bifida.

Water Temperatures

• Warm water and cold water have different effects on the body. According to Spine Universe, an informational resource on back and neck topics, warm water loosens tight muscles, provides pain relief, improves range of motion and increases blood flow. Cold water also reduces pain. Additionally, cold water aquatic therapy works to reduce inflammation. Reducing inflammation helps a person regain the level of functioning prior to the swelling.

Benefits

• The benefits of aquatic therapy can be both physical and psychological. Water resistance experienced during aquatic exercises helps to build strength. Eventually, progress made in the water can carry over onto land. As an individual gains strength and becomes more independent, his self-esteem will likely increase. Having self-confidence allows a person to live a more fulfilling life.

Certification

• The Therapeutic Recreation Directory notes that a variety of medical professionals can practice aquatic therapy, including physical therapists, exercise physiologists, occupational therapists, massage practitioners, kinesiotherapists and recreational therapists.

  To qualify for practicing aquatic therapy, the aspiring aquatic therapist must pass a certification test. Topics the certification test covers include basic knowledge of body functions, hydrotherapy principles, related legal matters and professional responsibility. The prerequisite for the certification exam includes 15 hours of aquatic therapy education. Certification can be obtained from a variety of sources, such as the Red Cross and Aquatic Therapy & Rehab Industry Certification.

Considerations

• According to Adventurous Kids Therapy Services, the water environment of aquatic therapy can be extra beneficial to children. Adventurous Kids Therapy Services notes that the fun atmosphere can make children more enthusiastic about therapy. According to United Cerebral Palsy, individuals who can’t swim can still benefit from hydrotherapy by water walking in shallow water. Water walking helps improve strength, metabolism, balance and coordination.