What does it mean if you are a -2 on your DEXA bone density scan?

A -2 on a DEXA bone density scan indicates that your bone mineral density (BMD) is 2 standard deviations below the average value for young adults of the same sex and ethnicity. This is considered to be osteopenia, which is a condition characterized by low bone mass but not as severe as osteoporosis. Osteopenia can increase your risk of developing osteoporosis and fractures, so it is important to take steps to improve your bone health.

Some tips for improving your bone health include:

* Getting enough calcium and vitamin D. Calcium is the main mineral in bones, and vitamin D helps your body absorb calcium. The recommended daily intake of calcium for adults is 1,000-1,200 mg, and the recommended daily intake of vitamin D is 600 IU. You can get calcium and vitamin D from foods such as dairy products, dark leafy greens, and fortified foods.

* Engaging in regular weight-bearing exercise. Weight-bearing exercise helps to build bone mass. Some good weight-bearing exercises include walking, running, dancing, and lifting weights.

* Maintaining a healthy weight. Being overweight or obese can increase your risk of osteoporosis.

* Quitting smoking. Smoking can damage bones.

* Limiting alcohol intake. Excessive alcohol intake can interfere with calcium absorption and lead to bone loss.

If you have osteopenia, your doctor may recommend additional treatments, such as medication or lifestyle changes. By following these tips, you can help to improve your bone health and reduce your risk of developing osteoporosis and fractures.