How is osteoporosis treated by doctors?

Doctors have various treatment options for osteoporosis, including:

1. Medications:

a) Bisphosphonates (e.g., alendronate, risedronate): These drugs slow down bone loss and increase bone density.

b) Teriparatide (recombinant human parathyroid hormone): This medication stimulates bone formation.

c) Strontium ranelate: This medication increases bone formation and reduces bone breakdown.

d) Denosumab (Prolia): This monoclonal antibody inhibits bone breakdown.

e) Romosozumab (Evenity): This monoclonal antibody increases bone formation.

2. Calcium and Vitamin D Supplements:

a) Calcium: Adequate calcium intake is essential for bone health. Supplements are recommended if dietary intake is insufficient.

b) Vitamin D: Vitamin D is crucial for calcium absorption. Supplements are often prescribed, especially for individuals with low levels.

3. Lifestyle Changes:

a) Regular Weight-Bearing Exercises: Exercises like walking, jogging, and dancing can help maintain and build bone mass.

b) Fall Prevention: Simple modifications at home and using assistive devices can reduce the risk of falls that may lead to fractures.

c) Quitting Smoking: Smoking can negatively affect bone health. Quitting smoking is highly beneficial.

d) Limiting Alcohol Consumption: Excessive alcohol intake can interfere with calcium absorption and weaken bones.

4. Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) for Postmenopausal Women:

HRT can help maintain bone density in women after menopause. However, it may have other risks and should be carefully considered.

5. Physical Therapy:

This can help individuals maintain mobility, strength, and balance, reducing the risk of falls.

6. Surgery (in severe cases):

Surgical intervention may be necessary in cases of severe fractures or deformities caused by osteoporosis.

7. Monitoring:

Regular followup and monitoring of bone mineral density through bone density tests (DEXA scans) are essential to assess treatment effectiveness.

It's important for individuals with osteoporosis or at risk of the condition to consult with their doctor to determine the most appropriate treatment approach based on individual circumstances.