What Is Postpartum Perineal Pain?
Postpartum perineal pain is pain in the area between the vagina and the rectum that occurs after childbirth. It is a common problem, affecting up to 50% of women who give birth vaginally.
The pain can range from mild to severe and can last for a few days to several weeks. It is often described as a burning, stinging, or aching sensation. Some women also experience pain when urinating or having a bowel movement.
There are a number of factors that can contribute to postpartum perineal pain, including:
* Vaginal tearing or episiotomy: A vaginal tear or episiotomy is a cut that is made in the perineum during childbirth to enlarge the opening of the vagina. This can damage the nerves and tissues in the area and cause pain.
* Swelling: Swelling in the perineal area is common after childbirth. This can put pressure on the nerves and tissues and cause pain.
* Infection: An infection in the perineal area can also cause pain.
* Hemorrhoids: Hemorrhoids are swollen veins in the rectum that can occur during pregnancy and childbirth. They can cause pain and discomfort in the perineal area.
* Muscle spasms: Muscle spasms in the pelvic floor muscles can also contribute to postpartum perineal pain.
There are a number of things that you can do to help relieve postpartum perineal pain, including:
* Take pain relievers. Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen, can help to relieve mild to moderate pain.
* Apply ice packs. Ice packs can help to reduce swelling and pain. Apply an ice pack to the perineal area for 15-20 minutes at a time, several times a day.
* Sitz baths. Sitz baths are warm water baths that you can sit in to help relieve pain and swelling. Add Epsom salt or baking soda to the water to help soothe the tissues.
* Rest. Rest is important for healing. Try to get as much rest as you can, especially in the first few weeks after childbirth.
* Pelvic floor exercises. Pelvic floor exercises can help to strengthen the muscles in the pelvic floor and reduce pain. Talk to your doctor or physical therapist about which exercises are right for you.
If you have severe pain or pain that does not improve after a few weeks, talk to your doctor. You may need further treatment, such as medication, physical therapy, or surgery.