Facts on Benzene

Benzene is produced naturally and used in manufacturing processes. This chemical appears colorless or pale yellow when observed at room temperature and produces a sweet odor.

Physical Characteristics

• Benzene evaporates quickly, but has a thicker density than air. This chemical only partially dissolves in water and is highly flammable.

Sources

• Volcanoes and forest fires naturally produce benzene. Manufacturers of nylon, pesticides, detergents and plastics may use benzene during the production process.

Exposure Symptoms

• Exposure symptoms of people who have inhaled benzene include disorientation, abnormal heartbeat and headache. Exposure symptoms of people who have ingested benzene include digestive upset, tiredness and convulsions, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

Health Effects

• Benzene harms bone marrow, causes red blood cell levels to decline and impairs the immune system. Long-term exposure can cause anemia and cancer, according to the CDC.

Exposure Considerations

• People exposed to benzene should remove clothing, wash exposed body parts with soap and water, and seal clothes in plastic bags before paramedics arrive. Do not attempt giving CPR on people who have ingested benzene. Performing CPR could cause the affected person to aspirate vomit into their lungs, according to the CDC.