What causes lead poisoning?

Lead poisoning primarily occurs due to the ingestion or inhalation of lead or its compounds. Lead can enter the body through various sources:

1. Ingestion: Lead can be ingested from contaminated food, water, or soil. Lead-based paint, which is still found in many older homes, is a common source of lead exposure in children, especially if the paint is chipping or flaking. Lead can also be found in certain foods and beverages, particularly those stored or processed in lead-containing containers or produced in areas with high levels of lead pollution.

2. Inhalation: Lead can be inhaled as dust or fumes, especially in industrial settings or during activities involving lead-containing materials. Lead smelters, battery recycling plants, construction sites, and indoor firing ranges are examples of environments where lead inhalation is more likely.

3. Dermal Absorption: While less common, lead can also be absorbed through the skin. This can happen when handling lead-based materials without proper protective gear or when exposed to contaminated soil or water for an extended period.

Lead exposure can have severe consequences, affecting multiple organs and systems in the body, particularly the nervous system and red blood cell production. Young children and pregnant women are more vulnerable to the harmful effects of lead poisoning due to their developing systems and higher absorption rates.