Why is a slurry of charcoal in water given orally to suspected poison victims?

Activated charcoal is given orally to suspected poison victims because it acts as a universal antidote. It works by binding to toxins and drugs in the gastrointestinal tract, preventing their absorption into the bloodstream. Activated charcoal has a large surface area and is highly porous, which allows it to bind to a wide variety of substances.

When activated charcoal is taken orally, it forms a slurry that coats the lining of the stomach and intestines. This slurry binds to toxins and drugs by forming hydrogen bonds, van der Waals forces, and electrostatic interactions. The toxins and drugs are then trapped within the pores of the activated charcoal and are unable to be absorbed into the bloodstream.

Activated charcoal is effective in treating a wide range of poisonings, including those caused by drugs, chemicals, and heavy metals. It is particularly useful in cases of poisoning by drugs that have a high affinity for the gastrointestinal tract, such as opioids, benzodiazepines, and barbiturates.

Activated charcoal is generally considered safe and well-tolerated. However, it can cause some side effects, such as constipation, nausea, and vomiting. It is important to note that activated charcoal should not be given to patients who are unconscious, have a decreased gag reflex, or are experiencing seizures.