What Are the Dangers of the Antibiotic Cipro?

Cipro, or ciprofloxacin, is an antibiotic medication that is used to treat infections including, but not limited to, urinary tract infections, respiratory infections, sinus infections and abdominal infections that are caused specifically by some form of bacterial microorganism. Cipro has some dangerous side effects, and these dangers may increase in severity if the drug is not administered properly.

Tendinitis or Tendon Rupture

• Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone medication. Fluoroquinolones are synthetic antimicrobial drugs that are designed to treat specific illnesses and infections that are caused by bacteria and microorganisms. All fluroquinolones, including Cipro, increase the risk of the patient experiencing tendinitis, an inflammation of tendons, or even a tendon rupture. This problem can occur in any patient taking Cipro for a bacterial infection, though it is more commonly seen in those over the age of 60.

Central Nervous System Effects

• Use of Cipro can also have negative effects on the central nervous system. Some of these include body tremors, convulsions and dizziness. Ciprofloxacin can also induce depression, toxic psychosis and, in more severe cases, suicidal tendencies, though this effect is rarely seen. As Cipro can have such dangerous effects on the central nervous system, it should not be used by patients with a history of epilepsy or cerebral arteriosclerosis.

Intestinal Issues

• Antibacterial medications like Cipro are often associated with intestinal issues that can range from mild diarrhea to more severe problems like fatal colitis. The use of these antibacterial medications can severely change the balance of the natural flora in the colon, causing the bacteria Clostridium difficile to multiply. Approximately 15 to 20 percent of patients who experience mild to severe diarrhea when taking antibacterial medications end up with an overabundance of Clostridium difficile, which if left untreated can cause death in extremely weakened patients.

Hypersensitivity

• While there are few reports of severe hypersensitivity to Cipro, some individuals may experience mild to severe reactions to the medication. Allergic reactions can result in minor manifestations of conditions such as rash, fever, jaundice and anemia. Some patients have experienced a loss of consciousness and swelling of the face or pharyngeal region, which can affect breathing. This can result in emergency treatment with intravenous steroids, oxygen and possibly intubation. Anyone receiving ciprofloxacin should be monitored by a physician when receiving the first dose to check for signs of hypersensitivity. Patients should report any distress to their doctors immediately.