What is SMA syndrome?

SMA syndrome, also known as *superior mesenteric artery syndrome*, is a condition in which the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) presses against the duodenum, the first part of the small intestine. This can cause nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and weight loss.

SMA syndrome is a rare condition, occurring in only about 0.1% of the population. It is most common in people who are thin or who have a high degree of visceral fat.

The diagnosis of SMA syndrome is based on the patient's symptoms and a physical examination. Imaging tests, such as an ultrasound or a CT scan, may be used to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment for SMA syndrome may include:

* Weight gain, if the person is underweight

* Reducing visceral fat, through diet and exercise

* Medications, such as pain relievers or antacids

* Surgery, to relieve the pressure on the duodenum

Most people with SMA syndrome can be successfully treated with conservative measures. However, surgery may be necessary in some cases.