Mariners Disease

Records indicate that scurvy, a severe vitamin C deficiency, has afflicted the populations of the world since ancient times, according to "Vitamin C in Health and Disease." Because of its prevalence in sailors during the 16th to 19th centuries, scurvy is also known as Mariner's Disease.

Background

• Scurvy can affect any group of people who are malnourished, including soldiers, wartime populations and people living through famine. Scurvy is less common in developed countries.

Significance

• Vitamin C is an important factor in the development and maintenance of healthy skin, bones and connective tissues, according to The Merck Manuals Online Medical Library. It promotes strong teeth and gums and allows the body to absorb iron. Left untreated, patients with scurvy can die.

Cause

• Mariner's Disease is caused by a severe, ongoing vitamin C deficiency. Patients develop scurvy after about three months of deficiency. Modern cases are often diagnosed in older, malnourished individuals or alcoholics.

Symptoms and Treatment

• Symptoms of scurvy include loss of appetite, fatigue, depression, and muscle and joint aches. Scurvy is characterized by spongy, swollen, purple gums, tooth loss, bruising and petechial bleeding, scaly skin and dry hair, anemia and wounds that do not heal. Patients may suffer internal hemorrhaging resulting in death. Scurvy is treated with high doses of vitamin C.