How does a doctor repair collapsed lung?

A collapsed lung, also known as a pneumothorax, occurs when air or gas enters the pleural space, the area between the lungs and the chest wall. This can cause the lung to collapse and impair breathing.

There are several methods a doctor may use to repair a collapsed lung, depending on the severity of the collapse and the underlying cause. Here are some common techniques:

1. Needle Aspiration: In cases where the pneumothorax is small and does not require surgery, a doctor may perform needle aspiration. This involves inserting a thin needle into the pleural space to remove the excess air or gas and allow the lung to re-expand.

2. Chest Tube Insertion: If the pneumothorax is larger or persistent, a chest tube may be inserted. A small incision is made in the chest wall, and a tube is inserted into the pleural space. The tube is then connected to a one-way valve system that allows air or gas to escape but prevents it from re-entering the pleural space. The chest tube helps drain the excess air or fluid and allows the lung to re-expand.

3. Surgical Repair: In more severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary. The type of surgery performed depends on the cause of the pneumothorax and the extent of the damage. Common surgical procedures include:

- Pleurodesis: This involves creating a controlled inflammation between the lung and the chest wall, causing them to adhere together and preventing air from re-entering the pleural space.

- Pulmonary Resection: In cases where a portion of the lung is severely damaged or diseased, it may be necessary to remove the affected part through a surgical procedure known as pulmonary resection.

4. Thoracoscopy: Thoracoscopy is a minimally invasive surgical technique that allows the doctor to visualize and repair the collapsed lung. It involves making small incisions in the chest wall and inserting a camera and surgical instruments. The doctor can then use these instruments to remove any air or fluid, repair any tears or holes in the lung tissue, and perform other necessary procedures.

The specific approach to repairing a collapsed lung will depend on the individual patient's condition and the underlying cause of the pneumothorax. A doctor will assess the severity of the collapse, determine the appropriate treatment, and closely monitor the patient's progress to ensure a successful recovery.