What is bilateral hilar fullness of lung?

Bilateral hilar fullness of the lungs refers to an increased opacity or density in the region of the hilum, which is the area where the major bronchi, blood vessels, and lymph nodes enter and exit the lungs. It can be seen on imaging studies such as chest X-rays or CT scans.

Normally, the hilum appears as a well-defined structure on imaging studies. However, bilateral hilar fullness occurs when there is an increase in the size and density of the hilum, often due to the presence of fluid, inflammation, or enlarged lymph nodes.

Several conditions can cause bilateral hilar fullness, including:

1. Infections: Viral or bacterial infections, such as pneumonia, bronchitis, or tuberculosis, can cause inflammation and enlargement of the lymph nodes in the hilum, leading to bilateral hilar fullness.

2. Sarcoidosis: This is a systemic inflammatory disease that commonly affects the lungs and can cause enlargement of the hilar lymph nodes.

3. Lymphoma: Cancers of the lymphatic system, such as lymphoma, can involve the hilar lymph nodes and cause bilateral hilar fullness.

4. Congestive Heart Failure: In some cases, bilateral hilar fullness can be associated with congestive heart failure, where fluid buildup in the lungs can extend into the hilum.

5. Radiation Changes: Prior radiation therapy to the chest can cause scarring and enlargement of the hilar lymph nodes, resulting in bilateral hilar fullness.

It's important to note that bilateral hilar fullness alone is not a specific diagnosis, but rather a radiological finding that requires further investigation to determine the underlying cause. Imaging studies such as chest X-rays or CT scans can provide additional information, while diagnostic tests like biopsies or blood tests may be necessary to establish the specific diagnosis and guide appropriate treatment.