What are the parts of conducting zone respiratory system?

Conducting Zone of the Respiratory System

The conducting zone of the respiratory system is the initial portion that conducts inspired air to the gas exchange regions in the lungs (respiratory zone) and expels the exhaled air during expiration. It consists of the following structures:

1. Nasal Cavity:

- Comprises two nostrils that open to the exterior and two internal nasal passages that lead to the nasopharynx.

- Function: Filters, warms, and moistens incoming air, aiding in olfaction and preventing potentially harmful particles from reaching the lower respiratory tract.

2. Pharynx:

- A muscular passageway behind the nasal cavity and mouth, connecting them to the larynx.

- Function: Facilitates the movement of air and helps direct it to the larynx.

3. Larynx (Voice Box):

- A tube-like structure between the pharynx and the trachea.

- Function: Produces sound through the vibration of vocal cords. It also acts as a protective valve, preventing food or other objects from entering the trachea during swallowing.

4. Trachea (Windpipe):

- A long, cylindrical tube extending from the larynx down into the thoracic cavity.

- Function: Conducts inspired air to the lungs, lined with ciliated mucous membranes to trap any remaining foreign particles.

5. Bronchi:

- After entering the lungs, the trachea divides into two large branches called primary bronchi.

- Function: Conduct air into and out of the lungs.

6. Bronchioles:

- Smaller branches that further divide from the primary bronchi.

- Function: Conduct air into the respiratory zone of the lungs.

The conducting zone plays a crucial role in preparing the inhaled air for gas exchange in the respiratory zone, such as filtering and humidifying it. It ensures that air is conditioned before it reaches the sensitive gas exchange surfaces deep within the lungs.