CPAP Protocol

The acronym CPAP stands for continuous positive airway pressure. The purpose of the treatment is to release a steady flow of air under certain pressures. It is used to treat sleep apnea, newborns who are not receiving adequate oxygen and respiratory problems. The protocol for using a CPAP machine may vary within the medical community but the mechanical use of the device remains consistent.

System Use

• For emergency medical personnel it is important, when starting CPAP protocols, that the patient's oxygen is monitored as well as cardiac output. The mask or nasal cannula should be secured and 5 cm H20 of PEEP valve pressure should be used. Observe for any leaks. Monitor the respiratory response and record vital signs every 5 minutes. Medications, such as Albuterol or nitroglycerin spray, can be administered at this time.

  For home use a technician will demonstrate the device for the patient. The patient will in turn show the technician that he is capable of working the device properly.

Observation

• Observation should continue until it is clear that the patient is responding well to treatment. Look for signs of distention of the abdomen, which can result in vomiting.

  Vitals should be conducted every 5 minutes to check for cardiac overload.

  To assure positive air flow, the patient should be observed in the supine (back) position for at least 15 minutes.

Complications

• Leaks around the mask may become evident. Adjustment of the mask usually eliminates the problem. The mask can be replaced if it does not fit properly.

  Up to 50% of patients who use the device at home will discontinue use. Follow up is necessary to assure that the patient is receiving adequate support.