What is Rheumatoid Arthritis How Can It Be Treated?
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder that affects the joints. It is characterized by inflammation of the synovium, the lining of the joints, which can lead to pain, swelling, and stiffness. RA can also affect other organs and systems in the body, such as the skin, lungs, heart, and eyes.
The exact cause of RA is unknown, but it is thought to be related to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Certain genes may increase the risk of developing RA, and environmental triggers such as smoking, obesity, and stress may also play a role.
RA is a progressive disease, meaning that it tends to worsen over time. However, there are a variety of treatments available that can help to slow the progression of the disease and reduce symptoms. These treatments include medications, such as disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and corticosteroids, as well as physical therapy and lifestyle changes.
Medications
DMARDs are the mainstay of treatment for RA. They work by suppressing the immune system and reducing inflammation. Some common DMARDs include methotrexate, leflunomide, and sulfasalazine.
Corticosteroids are also commonly used to treat RA. They work by reducing inflammation and pain. Prednisone is a type of corticosteroid that is often used in the treatment of RA.
Other medications that may be used to treat RA include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen and naproxen, and opioids, such as oxycodone and morphine.
Physical Therapy
Physical therapy can help to improve range of motion, strength, and flexibility in the joints affected by RA. It can also help to reduce pain and stiffness.
Lifestyle Changes
There are a number of lifestyle changes that people with RA can make to help manage their symptoms. These include:
* Maintaining a healthy weight
* Quitting smoking
* Eating a healthy diet
* Getting regular exercise
* Managing stress
* Getting enough sleep
Prognosis
The prognosis for RA has improved significantly in recent years, thanks to the development of new treatments. Most people with RA are able to live full and active lives. However, RA is a lifelong disease and there is no cure.