How long does it take for compartment syndrome to develop?

The onset and progression of compartment syndrome can vary widely depending on several factors, including the individual's underlying health, the nature and severity of the injury, and the compartment involved. However, here is a general overview of the timeline for compartment syndrome development:

1. Early Phase (0-6 Hours): During this phase, there is increased pressure within the affected compartment due to swelling and bleeding, but tissue perfusion and oxygenation may still be adequate. Symptoms at this stage might be subtle, such as pain out of proportion to the visible injury, tightness, and decreased sensation.

2. Intermediate Phase (6-8 Hours): As pressure continues to build within the compartment, tissue perfusion and oxygenation start to become compromised. Symptoms become more pronounced and may include severe pain, worsening tightness and swelling, numbness, and weakness in the affected limb.

3. Late Phase (8+ Hours): If left untreated, compartment syndrome can progress to the late phase, characterized by irreversible damage to tissues, nerves, and muscles within the affected compartment. At this stage, symptoms include excruciating pain, loss of sensation, paralysis, and cold, pale skin.

It is important to note that compartment syndrome is a medical emergency, and early recognition and prompt treatment are crucial to prevent serious complications and minimize tissue damage. If you suspect someone is experiencing compartment syndrome, seek immediate medical attention.