Definition of a Dowager's Hump

Kyphosis, or Dowager's Hump, is a physical deformity resulting in an outward curvature of the thoracic spine (upper back). This is a general definition of a condition specifically outlined below as it relates to some of its causes---illness, injury and congenital defects.

Osteoporosis

• Osteoporosis is a progressive demineralization of the bones causing them to weaken and collapse resulting in compression fractures and a curvature of the thoracic spine. This is a major cause of Dowager's Hump in postmenopausal women.

Fractures

• Vertebral fractures resulting from injury or illness can cause the spinal column to tilt, resulting in an outward protrusion or hump.

Marfan Syndrome

• Marfan Syndrome is a congenital defect of the connective tissues including those that support the spine. This disorder can result in Dowager's Hump.

Posture

• Poor posture and continually holding the head in a forward position, affects ligaments and neck muscles. The ensuing degeneration of discs and strain on the supporting structures can result in arthritis, pinched nerves and a curvature of the upper spine causing the formation of a hump.

Medication

• An excess amount of corticosteroid resulting from an overactive adrenal gland, taking excessive amounts of prednisone, or taking antiviral medications for HIV can result in an accumulation of fat on the upper back. This is known as a "buffalo hump" and is similar to Dowager's Hump in its appearance.