How to Treat Severe Eczema?

Severe eczema, also called atopic dermatitis, can be challenging to treat due to its chronic and inflammatory nature. If you or your child has severe eczema, it is important to work closely with a healthcare provider to develop a comprehensive treatment plan. Here are some general steps that may be included in the treatment of severe eczema:

1. Medications:

- Topical corticosteroids: These are the mainstay of treatment and help reduce inflammation and itching.

- Calcineurin inhibitors: Used when corticosteroids are not effective or suitable.

- Phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitors: Newer medications that can be effective in severe cases.

- Systemic immunosuppressants and biologics: In severe cases, these may be needed to control inflammation.

2. Gentle Skincare:

- Avoid harsh soaps, detergents, and perfumes that can irritate the skin.

- Use fragrance-free and hypoallergenic skincare products.

- Bathe in lukewarm water and pat dry gently without rubbing.

- Apply fragrance-free moisturizer multiple times a day to keep the skin hydrated.

- Avoid scratching as this can worsen the eczema and lead to infection.

3. Lifestyle Changes:

- Identify and avoid triggers: Common triggers include allergens (e.g., dust mites, pollen), irritants (e.g., harsh chemicals), certain foods, stress, and heat.

- Wear loose, breathable clothing made of natural fibers like cotton.

- Keep the environment cool and humidified.

- Take breaks from bathing if the water seems to worsen the eczema.

- Avoid exposure to harsh chemicals and irritants.

4. Stress Management:

- Stress can aggravate eczema, so finding healthy ways to manage it is important. Techniques like yoga, meditation, and deep breathing exercises may be helpful.

5. Dietary Changes:

- Some people find that eliminating certain foods, such as dairy, gluten, or specific allergens, can improve eczema symptoms. Keeping a food diary can help identify potential food triggers.

6. Infection Control:

- Eczema can make the skin more susceptible to infections. Practice good hygiene and promptly address any signs of infection.

7. Phototherapy:

- In severe cases, phototherapy (light therapy) may be recommended to help reduce inflammation and itching.

8. Psychological Support:

- Severe eczema can impact mental and emotional well-being. Talk to your healthcare provider about resources for psychological support, as managing stress and coping with the challenges of living with eczema can be beneficial.

Remember, severe eczema is a complex condition, and the treatment approach may vary from person to person. It is crucial to follow the recommendations of your healthcare provider, who can assess your specific situation and adjust the treatment plan as needed.