What is subacute dermatitis?
Subacute dermatitis refers to a type of skin inflammation that lasts for a shorter duration compared to chronic dermatitis but longer than acute dermatitis. It typically develops over several weeks and persists for a few weeks to several months. Subacute dermatitis is characterized by various skin symptoms, including:
- Redness: Affected areas of the skin appear reddish due to increased blood flow and inflammation.
- Scaling: The skin may develop scaly patches or flaky areas.
- Itching: Subacute dermatitis often causes intense itching, which can lead to scratching and further skin irritation.
- Blisters: In some cases, subacute dermatitis may be associated with the formation of small blisters.
- Oozing: If blisters break, they may ooze and crust over.
- Dryness: The affected skin can feel dry and rough due to impaired skin barrier function.
- Scaling: As the inflammation resolves, the skin may shed scales or flakes as it heals.
- Pigmentation changes: In some cases, subacute dermatitis can cause temporary changes in skin pigmentation, resulting in darker or lighter patches.
Subacute dermatitis can affect various parts of the body, and its specific cause may vary. Common causes include:
- Allergic reactions: Exposure to allergens, such as certain plants, chemicals, or cosmetics, can trigger an allergic reaction and lead to subacute dermatitis.
- Irritants: Contact with irritants, like harsh chemicals or certain fabrics, can cause subacute dermatitis.
- Infections: Bacterial, fungal, or viral infections can lead to subacute dermatitis.
- Medications: Some medications can have side effects that include subacute dermatitis.
- Underlying medical conditions: Certain skin disorders, autoimmune conditions, or systemic illnesses can be associated with subacute dermatitis.
Diagnosis of subacute dermatitis involves a thorough examination of the affected skin, a detailed medical history, and sometimes skin biopsies to identify the underlying cause. Treatment aims to alleviate symptoms and address the underlying factors. Commonly used treatments include:
- Topical corticosteroids: These medications help reduce inflammation and itching.
- Oral antihistamines: They provide relief from itching and reduce allergic reactions.
- Anti-inflammatory creams or ointments: These products help soothe the skin and reduce redness.
- Antifungal or antibacterial medications: If an infection is present, specific treatments may be prescribed to clear the infection.
- Emollients and moisturizers: These help hydrate the skin and improve its barrier function.
In severe cases, phototherapy or oral corticosteroids may be necessary. Avoiding known triggers and allergens, practicing good skincare habits, and following medical advice are essential for managing subacute dermatitis effectively.