What causes mini strokes?

Mini-strokes, also known as transient ischemic attacks (TIAs), occur when the blood supply to a part of the brain is temporarily blocked. This can happen for a number of reasons, including:

* Blood clots: A blood clot can form in an artery that leads to the brain, such as the carotid or vertebral artery. This can block the flow of blood to the brain, causing a TIA.

* Narrowed arteries: Plaque, made up of cholesterol, fat, and other substances, can build up in the walls of arteries, narrowing the passageway for blood flow. This is called atherosclerosis. When atherosclerosis occurs in the arteries that lead to the brain, it can increase the risk of TIAs.

* Irregular heartbeat: Certain types of irregular heartbeats, such as atrial fibrillation, can cause blood clots to form in the heart. If these clots travel to the brain, they can block blood flow and cause a TIA.

* Vasospasm: Vasospasm is a condition in which the arteries in the brain suddenly constrict or narrow. This can reduce blood flow to the brain and cause a TIA.

Risk factors for TIAs include:

* Age: TIAs are more common in people over the age of 55.

* High blood pressure

* High cholesterol

* Diabetes

* Smoking

* Obesity

* Family history of stroke

TIAs can be a warning sign that a major stroke is imminent. It's important to seek medical attention immediately if you experience any of the symptoms of a TIA, such as:

* Sudden numbness or weakness in your face, arm, or leg, especially on one side of your body

* Sudden vision problems in one or both eyes

* Sudden difficulty speaking or understanding speech

* Sudden dizziness, loss of balance, or coordination problems

If you experience any of these symptoms, call 911 immediately.