How Does a Neurologist Diagnose a Stroke?

A stroke can occur due to a variety of causes. There are many different tests that can be used to diagnose a stroke; however, your doctor will not necessarily need to use all of them. Often, the first step in a stroke diagnosis is a round of blood tests. If these point to a possible stroke, your doctor may refer you for further tests and to specialty doctors such as a neurologist.

Primary Care

• Your doctor will first take your medical history and perform a physical exam. Your doctor will check your blood pressure and pulse. Be sure to tell your doctor about any medications you are taking, including herbal and holistic supplements. Your doctor may need additional tests to determine if you've had a stroke, and may refer you to a neurologist.

Neurologic Exam

• In a neurologic exam, your muscles and nervous system will be checked. Your doctor will test your reflexes, coordination, sensation, speech, memory and cognition. Your doctor may refer you for more specialized tests.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

• An MRI produces an image of your brain so doctors can determine if you've had a stroke. It can also help determine any other problems involving the brain or spinal cord.

Carotid Doppler

• A carotid doppler uses ultrasound waves to allow doctors to check the blood flow to your brain to determine if your carotid artery has been affected by cholesterol deposits.

Cerebral Arteriogram

• Also called a cerebral angiogram, this test uses a dye that is injected into the specific blood vessels that lead to your brain. This allows your doctor to detect any problems in your blood flow.

Increased Risk

• You are at increased risk of having a stroke if you have previously suffered a TIA (transient ischemic attack) stroke--a "small" stroke--or if you have high blood pressure, diabetes, heart disease, are obese, lead a sedentary lifestyle, smoke or drink alcohol in excess.