What causes thyroids?

The thyroid is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the front of the neck. It produces hormones that regulate metabolism, growth, and development. Thyroid problems can be caused by a variety of factors, including:

Autoimmune disorders: These are conditions in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own tissues. Autoimmune disorders can affect the thyroid gland, leading to conditions such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Graves' disease.

Iodine deficiency: Iodine is an essential mineral that is used by the thyroid gland to produce hormones. Iodine deficiency can lead to goiter, a condition in which the thyroid gland becomes enlarged.

Genetic factors: Some thyroid problems, such as thyroid cancer, can be inherited.

Medications: Certain medications, such as lithium and amiodarone, can interfere with the thyroid gland's function.

Radiation therapy: Radiation therapy to the neck or chest can damage the thyroid gland and lead to thyroid problems.

Pituitary gland problems: The pituitary gland is a small gland located at the base of the brain. It produces hormones that control the thyroid gland. Pituitary gland problems can affect the thyroid gland's function, leading to conditions such as hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism.

If you have any symptoms of a thyroid problem, such as fatigue, weight gain or loss, changes in mood, or difficulty sleeping, it is important to see your doctor. Early diagnosis and treatment can help to prevent serious complications.