What is the medical term meaning parathyroid hormone to regulate calcium levels in blood and tissues?

The medical term referring to parathyroid hormone, often abbreviated as PTH, which plays a crucial role in regulating calcium levels in the blood and tissues, is hyperparathyroidism.

Hyperparathyroidism is a condition characterized by overactivity of the parathyroid glands, which are four small glands located on the back side of the thyroid gland in the neck. These glands produce parathyroid hormone, which helps control calcium and phosphate levels in the body. When the parathyroid glands become overactive, they produce too much PTH, leading to an increase in blood calcium levels (hypercalcemia) and a decrease in blood phosphate levels (hypophosphatemia).

Hyperparathyroidism can be classified into primary, secondary, or tertiary types. Primary hyperparathyroidism is the most common form and occurs when the parathyroid glands themselves are overactive. Secondary hyperparathyroidism develops as a compensatory response to low blood calcium levels, often caused by chronic kidney disease or vitamin D deficiency. Tertiary hyperparathyroidism is a rare form that can develop in individuals who have had long-standing secondary hyperparathyroidism.

The symptoms of hyperparathyroidism can vary depending on the severity of the condition and the individual's overall health. Some common symptoms include:

- Fatigue

- Weakness

- Bone pain

- Kidney stones

- Frequent urination

- Increased thirst

- Nausea and vomiting

- Constipation

Treatment for hyperparathyroidism typically involves surgical removal of the overactive parathyroid glands. In some cases, medication or lifestyle changes may be recommended to manage the symptoms and prevent complications.