What medications can interact with thyroid hormones?

Thyroid hormones interact with a number of medications, altering their effectiveness or causing adverse reactions. Some common interactions include:

1. Amiodarone (Cordarone): This medication used for heart rhythm disorders can increase thyroid hormone levels.

2. Anticoagulants (e.g., Warfarin): Thyroid hormones can affect the metabolism of anticoagulants, altering their blood-thinning effects.

3. Beta-blockers (e.g., Metoprolol): Beta-blockers used for blood pressure control can mask symptoms of hyperthyroidism, making it harder to diagnose and manage.

4. Calcium Supplements: High calcium intake can interfere with the absorption of thyroid hormones.

5. Cholestyramine and Colestipol: These cholesterol-lowering medications can reduce the absorption of thyroid hormones.

6. Digoxin (Lanoxin): Thyroid hormones can increase the toxicity of digoxin, used for heart failure and atrial fibrillation.

7. Estrogens (e.g., Oral Contraceptives): Estrogens can increase the levels of thyroid-binding globulin (TBG), which affects the metabolism of thyroid hormones.

8. Lithium: Thyroid hormones can alter the metabolism of lithium, used to treat bipolar disorder, leading to potential changes in its effectiveness.

9. Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs): Long-term use of PPIs can decrease the absorption of thyroid hormones when taken together.

10. Rifampin: This antibiotic can accelerate the breakdown of thyroid hormones, reducing their effectiveness.

11. Sertraline (Zoloft): Sertraline, an antidepressant, can alter the metabolism of thyroid hormones.

12. Soy Products: Excessive consumption of soy products may interfere with the absorption or metabolism of thyroid hormones.

It is crucial for individuals taking thyroid hormones to inform their healthcare provider about any other medications, supplements, or herbal products they are using to ensure appropriate monitoring and management of thyroid function.