Health Problems Due to Low Thyroid

The symptoms and health problems related to low thyroid function vary depending on a number of factors, including the severity of the condition. Not everyone will experience the same thyroid-related health problems, though there are some common ailments that are associated with an underactive thyroid.

General Information

• The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped gland in the neck that controls the body's metabolism and other organ functions. In a person with a low-functioning thyroid, the thyroid gland doesn't produce enough thyroxine hormone, causing hypothyroidism.

Common Symptoms

• A low thyroid slows down a person's body, causing fatigue, depression, weight gain and forgetfulness. Other symptoms include heavier periods, constipation, bloating, dry skin, brittle hair and feeling cold.

Increased Cholesterol

• An underactive thyroid can cause a buildup of cholesterol in the blood, which results in more artery-hardening plaque. Cholesterol and plaque weaken the heart, which can increase the risk of heart attack.

Goiter

• The thyroid gland may physically swell due to untreated hypothyroidism, causing a visible bulge or large lump on the neck. This is called a goiter.

Myxedema

• If a low thyroid problem goes untreated, the condition can progress to a severe form of hypothyroidism called myxedema, in which the body begins to shut down, ultimately causing a comatose state. Since most people receive treatment well before this stage, myxedema is a rare in developed countries.

Treatment

• A low thyroid is treated with hormone replacement therapy. Most patients will take daily medication for the rest of their lives to keep their thyroid functioning healthily.