What is the usual treatment when a cancerous tumor found in testicle gland?
The usual treatment for a cancerous tumor found in the testicle gland (testicular cancer) may involve a combination of different treatment modalities depending on the stage and characteristics of the cancer. The primary treatment options include:
1. Orchiectomy (Removal of the affected testicle): This is typically the initial step in treating testicular cancer. The affected testicle is surgically removed to prevent the spread of cancer to other parts of the body.
2. Surveillance (Active Monitoring): In some cases, if the cancer is detected at an early stage and is considered low-risk, surveillance may be recommended. This involves close monitoring with regular physical examinations, blood tests, and imaging studies to track any changes or signs of cancer progression.
3. Radiation Therapy: Radiation therapy uses high-energy X-rays or other forms of radiation to kill cancer cells. It may be used after orchiectomy to eliminate any remaining cancer cells in the surrounding lymph nodes or areas.
4. Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy involves the use of medications to kill cancer cells throughout the body. It is often used in cases where the cancer has spread beyond the testicle, such as to the lymph nodes or other organs.
5. Retroperitoneal Lymph Node Dissection (RPLND): This procedure may be performed to remove lymph nodes in the abdomen behind the peritoneum (a membrane lining the abdominal cavity). RPLND is typically done after orchiectomy and may be recommended if there is a risk of cancer spread to the lymph nodes.
6. Adjuvant Therapy: After the primary treatment, additional therapies may be recommended to reduce the risk of cancer recurrence or to treat any remaining cancer cells. These may include adjuvant radiation therapy or chemotherapy.
7. Testicular Prosthesis: After orchiectomy, some men may opt to have a testicular prosthesis implanted for cosmetic reasons.
It's important to follow the recommended treatment plan as advised by a urologist or oncologist who specializes in testicular cancer. The specific treatment approach may vary based on individual patient factors and the stage of the cancer.