Misoprostol & Side Effects

Misoprostol is a drug that is used to prevent stomach ulcers for those taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as aspirin or ibuprofen. Misoprostol helps to prevent such complications as bleeding by protecting the lining of the stomach against acid. This medication is also used with mifepristone to end a pregnancy. There are many side effects associated with this drug that can be serious.

Allergic Reaction

• It is uncommon for those taking Misoprostol to experience an allergic reaction to the drug, but they are possible and can be severe. Symptoms include rash; hives; difficulty breathing; chest pain or tightness; swelling of the mouth, face, lips and tongue; black and tarry stools; and severe vomiting. Vomit that looks like coffee grounds and persistent diarrhea are also possible. Seek immediate medical attention if any of these symptoms are experienced.

Gastrointestinal Side Effects

• Gastrointestinal side effects are usually dose related. This may mean that dosage may need to be adjusted to prevent further side effects. Symptoms may include diarrhea that can be become worse by taking antacids that contain magnesium. Diarrhea may lead to severe dehydration, which can be deadly. Abdominal pain, nausea, gas, vomiting and acid reflux are also possible. Contact your doctor if any of these symptoms persist--especially diarrhea.

Genitourinary Side Effects

• Genitourinary side effects occur often and in some cases, can be severe. Many female patients have experienced spotting, cramping, loss of blood caused by heavy menstrual cycles, severe uterine pain during menstruation and postmenopausal vaginal bleeding. Urinary incontinence is also possible in female patients. It is advised that women speak with their doctors about the risks of taking this drug or when they begin to experience side effects. Dosage may need to be adjusted or stopped.

Additional Side Effects

• Other side effects have included headache, dizziness, lethargy, delusions, increase in body temperature and neuropathy. These symptoms are quite rare, but be serious. Abdominal pain and cramping may be signs of anaphylaxis, a severe allergic reaction that can be deadly. These hypersensitivity issues may be confused with common side effects, thus contact your doctor to rule out severe complications. Anemia, lack of platelets, purpura and a higher rate of cesarian delivery have also been reported.

Warning

• Women should not take this medication if they are pregnant, as it may cause premature birth, miscarriage or birth defects. Female patients need to talk with their doctor about this drug before use, as it can cause many complications associated with pregnancy. Uterine ruptures have also been experienced by women taking misoprostol. This medication should be taken with food and plenty of water to prevent the most common side effect, diarrhea.