What is pus in the urine mean medical terms?

The presence of pus in the urine is a condition known as pyuria. In medical terminology, pyuria refers to the abnormal presence of white blood cells (WBCs) in the urine. WBCs are a type of immune cells that help the body fight infection and inflammation. When there is an infection or inflammation in the urinary tract, such as in the kidneys, ureters, bladder, or urethra, WBCs can enter the urine and result in pyuria.

Pyuria is often associated with a urinary tract infection (UTI). UTIs can occur in different parts of the urinary system, including the kidneys (pyelonephritis), bladder (cystitis), or urethra (urethritis). Bacteria are the most common cause of UTIs, but they can also be caused by other microorganisms such as viruses or fungi.

Other conditions that can cause pyuria include:

- Kidney stones: Small, hard mineral and salt deposits that can form in the kidneys and cause inflammation and irritation of the urinary tract.

- Prostate problems: Conditions such as prostatitis (inflammation of the prostate gland) or an enlarged prostate can obstruct the flow of urine and create a favorable environment for bacteria to grow, leading to pyuria.

- Sexually transmitted infections (STIs): Certain STIs, such as chlamydia and gonorrhea, can cause pyuria as a result of the infection spreading to the urinary tract.

- Other medical conditions: Some systemic diseases, such as diabetes or lupus, can affect the kidneys and urinary tract, leading to pyuria.

The presence of pyuria in the urine is typically detected during a urinalysis, which is a routine part of many medical check-ups. If pyuria is found, further tests, such as urine culture, may be recommended to identify the underlying cause and determine the appropriate treatment.