Drug Treatment of Chicken Pox

Chicken pox (varicella) is usually a mild condition in healthy children. Adults, however, can face serious side effects and even death. Chicken pox can be treated with antiviral medication in people at risk for complications. Symptoms can be treated with pain relievers and anti-itch medications.

Antivirals

• Antiviral drugs can reduce symptoms for people at risk of complications from the chicken pox including: adults, smokers, and people with a compromised immune system. Acyclovir and immune globulin intravenous (IGIV) must be taken no more than a day after the rash first appears. Valacyclovir and famciclovir can be taken after a day,but are only approved for adults.

Vaccine

• The chicken pox vaccine can eliminate or reduce symptoms, even if it is taken after exposure to the virus.

Antibiotics

• Some complications of chicken pox, such as skin infection and pneumonia, may require treatment with antibiotics. Smokers are especially at risk for pneumonia.

Itch Relievers

• Over-the-counter medications such as antihistamines and itch-relief creams can help alleviate itching. This reduces scratching, which increases the chance of skin infection.

Pain Relievers

• Acetaminophen can relieve the pain of chicken pox symptoms. Never use aspirin with the chicken pox; it can lead to Reye's syndrome, which causes liver failure and even death.