West Nile Virus Symptoms and Complications?

West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne infection that can cause a range of symptoms, from mild flu-like illness to severe neurologic disease. Most people infected with WNV develop no symptoms or only mild symptoms, such as:

* Fever

* Headache

* Body aches

* Joint pain

* Fatigue

* Loss of appetite

* Nausea

* Vomiting

* Diarrhea

These symptoms usually develop within 3 to 14 days after being bitten by an infected mosquito. They typically last for a few days to a few weeks.

In some cases, WNV infection can lead to more severe neurologic disease, such as:

* Encephalitis (inflammation of the brain)

* Meningitis (inflammation of the membranes that line the brain and spinal cord)

* Polio-like paralysis

Severe neurologic disease can occur in people of any age, but it is most common in the elderly, the very young, and people with weakened immune systems. Symptoms of severe neurologic disease can include:

* High fever

* Severe headache

* Stiff neck

* Confusion

* Disorientation

* Seizures

* Coma

Severe neurologic disease can be fatal. There is no specific treatment for WNV infection. Treatment is supportive and may include:

* Rest

* Fluids

* Pain relievers

* Fever reducers

* Hospitalization for severe cases

There is a vaccine available to prevent WNV infection. The vaccine is recommended for people who live in or travel to areas where WNV is common.