First Aid Treatment for Shock from Head Injury

Shock -- a life-threatening condition shutting down the body due to insufficient blood or oxygen flow to the tissues -- when caused by head injury or any other cause, needs immediate first aid. The presence of head injury requires special considerations.

Identification

• Identify immediately if the victim has symptoms of shock. Early symptoms include: moist, clammy, cold to the touch; pale or blueish looking skin, lips and fingernails. The victim may also have a weak, rapid pulse -- more than 100 beats per minute -- increased breathing rate, anxiety, thirst and vomiting. Deteriorating conditions of shock include unresponsiveness, sunken eyes, dilated pupils, vacant expression, blotchy or streaked skin and unconsciousness.

Treatment

• Treat shock in head injury victims promptly. Comfort the victim. Keep the victim lying down. Cover him to prevent heat loss. If you are alone with the victim, call for help. Assess breathing and ensure an open airway. Apply pressure to the wound if bleeding occurs. Reassure the victim. Loosen restrictive clothing.

Special Considerations

• Special first aid requirements apply to treating shock from a head injury. Keep the victim quiet and lying flat. Do not elevate the feet. Unless protecting the victim from further injury or providing urgent first aid care, do not move a victim with head trauma until properly prepared for transportation. Do not give them anything to eat or drink. Place the victim on her side if vomiting or bleeding occurs, keeping the neck straight.