Different Types of Wounds

Wounds are injuries sustained during slips, falls and other accidents, as well as surgical incisions. There are several types of wounds. Understanding the types of wounds facilitates proper care and healing. Some wounds require specialized care and attention. They can be classified according to their appearance into four groups.

Abrasions

• Abrasions are wounds that are commonly referred to as scrapes. These wounds are usually not very serious and don't requires surgery or stitches. The wounds happen when someone falls. The skin is abraded against a hard surface such as concrete or wood. The surface layers of skin are scraped. Bleeding and blood loss are minimal.

  Since the top skin layer is removed in abrasion wounds, infection is a concern. The wound should be cleansed gently to remove any debris and dirt. Applying an antibacterial ointment across the wound surface keeps the wound clear of infection-causing bacteria.

Incisions

• An incision is a wound commonly created by cuts made during surgery. These wounds appear with neat, uniform edges. They are created by a scalpel or other surgical cutting instrument. Incisions are deeper than superficial levels of the skin. This creates a risk of infection.

  The first order of business for incisions is to close the edges of the wound. Wounds can be closed using several techniques. Sutures close the wound using thread. This can be made of absorbable or nonabsorbable material. Absorbable sutures dissolve, while nonabsorbable sutures must eventually be removed. Care must be taken to keep the incision clean.

  Surgical staples are also used with incisions. They can be made of a medical-grade metal. According to the surgery encyclopedia, they are removed after a period of seven to 10 days and don't cause infections as often as sutures.

Lacerations

• Lacerations are wounds created by a cut or torn skin. The wound creates a break in the skin. Bleeding is a usual symptom, as is pain. Call for emergency assistance if the bleeding is fast and severe. If the cut is not severe, self-care can warranted.

  Before touching the wound, washing hands with soap and water reduces the risk of infection. Cleanse the wound with water. Pressure should be applied if the wound continues to bleed. Apply a lint-free bandage to cover the wound.

Punctures

• Punctures are penetrating wounds. They involve multiple layers of the skin and can be caused by sharp-edged items such as knives or nails. The wound can cause bleeding and pain.

  These types of wounds can be serious. Although the wound may look minor, internal bleeding is a danger. Seek the help of an urgent care center or health care team. If a rusty item caused the wound, treatment for tetanus may be ordered.