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What Is a Plantar Plate?

The plantar plate is a thick plate that supports the underside of the metatarsal head of the foot. It prevents the hyper-extension of the metatarsophalangeal joint. The definition, according to PubMed.gov, is that it is rarely seen and it is the lesser metatarsal phalangeal (MP) joint's central structure.

  1. Plantar Plate

    • According to PubMed.gov, the plantar plate is a fibrocartilage material. The fiber orientation is such that it can withstand tensile loads from the plantar fascia and compression loads from the metatarsal head.

    How it is Attached

    • According to a study performed at St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital in New York, the plantar plate is attached to the major longitudinal bands of the plantar fascia and the collateral ligaments. A significant soft tissue box is formed by the plantar plate and the collateral ligaments connecting to the sides of the metatarsal head.

    Plantar Plate Association

    • PubMed.gov states that the plantar plate has a close association with the second toe's flexor tendons. This association is similar to the MP joint's sesamoid mechanism.

    Problems

    • The plantar plate has been known to rupture or become deranged. The rupture of the plantar plate may be associated with synovitis and derangement may play a role in the development of hammertoe.

    Correcting Problems

    • Special shoes, strapping that relieves the pressure on the ball of the foot and orthotics are common conservative treatments for problems with the plantar plate. If an issue is more severe then simple pinning may be performed surgically and if that fails then more complex surgery may be required.

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