Vertebral Column Injuries

The spinal column is one of the most delicate parts of the human body as it can cause widespread damage when injured. The spinal cord not only serves as the skeleton's mainframe, but it also houses the nerves which control various body functions. An injured spinal cord can leave the body paralyzed and unable to move.

Types

• There are basically two types of vertebral column injury as classified by medical experts: the complete and the incomplete injury. Both injuries are caused by deep impact or trauma, but they differ in the intensity and overall effects in the spine. Incomplete injuries incur damages in the spinal column, but they do not affect the spinal cord directly to cause total paralysis. Complete injuries reach the cord, thus making a patient susceptible to quadriplegia and complete lack of motor function.

Causes

• Vertebral column injuries are usually a result of the impact brought about by severe trauma which made a direct hit on the spine. These include falls, vehicular collisions and freak accidents. Typical characteristics of spinal column injury include broken cervical, thoracic and lumbar bones. Fractures and dislocations in the spinal column also contribute to injury.

Effects

• Among the most common effects of vertebral column injuries is back pain and rheumatism, especially if the injury is left untreated. Paralysis may also be incurred from more severe injuries, particularly those acquired in accidents. Victims of spinal column injuries may suffer from lifetime paralysis as some of the damages cannot be treated with therapy.

Treatment

• Vertebral column injuries are usually treated with surgery, especially when the damage was caused by broken or dislocated bones. Since the injury usually affects a patient's motor capabilities, he is subject to motor therapy sessions which last for months or even years, depending on the severity of the paralysis. There are also proposed studies that suggest stem cell replacement as an effective treatment for spinal column injuries, as the treatment speeds up the body's ability to repair itself and regenerate. However, the use of stem cell treatments is still being debated by contending medical experts.

Prevention

• Spinal column injuries are indeed difficult to treat, but they can be avoided. Protecting yourself from such injuries includes staying away from high-risk physical activity (or wearing protective gear to avoid accidents), and following a regular exercise regimen to strengthen the bones and revitalize the nerves regularly. By doing these, you not only prevent the onset of vertebral column injuries, but also enjoy a longer, healthier life.