Why Is My Tear Duct Blocked?

Blocked tear ducts, medically termed epiphora, occur when tears can't drain properly from the eyes. This leads to excessive watering of the eyes, blurred vision, discomfort, and a higher risk of eye infections. While blocked tear ducts can develop at any age, they're often experienced by newborns and older adults.

Newborns:

* Developmental Issues: In newborns, blocked tear ducts may be present from birth due to incomplete development of the tear drainage system. The tear ducts can be tiny or blocked by a membrane that hasn't yet opened. This is the most common cause of blocked tear ducts in infants.

* Gradual Improvement: In most cases, the blocked tear ducts gradually open on their own within a few weeks or months as the baby's tear drainage system matures. However, persistent blockages that last beyond six months or cause frequent eye infections may require medical attention.

Older Adults:

* Aging Process: Age-related changes that occur in the eyes, including weakening of the muscles surrounding the tear drainage system, can predispose older adults to blocked tear ducts.

* Underlying Conditions: Blocked tear ducts in older individuals may also be due to various underlying medical conditions, such as:

1. Infections (e.g., conjunctivitis, sinusitis)

2. Allergies

3. Nasal polyps

4. Deviated septum

5. Narrowed tear ducts due to inflammation or scarring

6. Medical treatments (e.g., radiation therapy, certain medications)

Other Causes:

1. Injuries or trauma to the eye or face

2. Eyelid tumors or abnormalities

3. Foreign objects in the eye or tear ducts.

Seeking Medical Attention:

While symptoms might not always be severe, it's crucial to consult a healthcare professional, especially for infants with persistent blocked tear ducts, or if severe discomfort, pain, vision changes, or signs of infection occur in individuals of any age.

Diagnosis and Treatment:

Diagnosis usually involves a comprehensive eye examination and testing the functionality of the tear drainage system. Treatment varies depending on the underlying cause and severity of the condition, ranging from conservative measures like gentle massage and warm compresses to surgical interventions to correct abnormal structures or bypass blocked tear ducts.

Remember, most cases in newborns resolve naturally with time, but prompt evaluation and appropriate management under medical guidance are essential to prevent complications and provide the best care.