Can medically installed screws rust or corrode inside the body?

Medically implanted screws are typically made of materials chosen for their biocompatibility and resistance to corrosion within the body. Common materials include stainless steel, titanium alloys, and bioresorbable polymers. While metal screws can be susceptible to corrosion over time, several factors contribute to their longevity:

Corrosion Resistance: The medical field uses alloys specifically engineered for their resistance to corrosion in challenging environments. Materials such as titanium and certain grades of stainless steel have excellent corrosion resistance and can withstand the body's fluids, pH levels, and chemical interactions.

Surface Treatments: To further enhance corrosion resistance, screws may undergo additional surface treatments. These treatments can involve passivation, which forms a protective oxide layer on the metal's surface, or coating the screw with a biocompatible material that provides a barrier against corrosive elements.

Quality Control: Medical devices, including screws, are subject to rigorous quality control standards. Manufacturers employ strict protocols to ensure that the materials and production processes meet the required specifications and undergo thorough testing to ensure their performance and safety.

Biological Factors: The body's natural healing response and the surrounding tissue environment also play a role in corrosion. For example, the formation of a stable fibrous capsule around the screw can further protect it from corrosion.

Despite these measures, in rare cases, medical screws may still experience corrosion, especially in the context of certain infections, implant failure, or a patient's individual response. To minimize this risk, surgeons carefully select the appropriate materials and techniques based on the patient's condition and the location of the implant. Regular monitoring and follow-up care help identify any potential issues early on, enabling prompt intervention if necessary.