Why are infants and children more prone to otitis media?

There are a number of reasons why infants and children are more prone to otitis media (OM), or middle ear infections, compared to adults.

1. Anatomy: The Eustachian tube, which connects the middle ear to the back of the throat, is shorter and straighter in infants and children, which makes it easier for bacteria and viruses to travel from the nose and throat into the middle ear.

2. Immune system: The immune system in infants and children is not fully developed, making them more susceptible to infections.

3. Allergies: Infants and children are more likely to have allergies, which can cause inflammation and swelling in the Eustachian tube, leading to fluid buildup in the middle ear.

4. Daycare and school exposure: Infants and young children who spend time in daycare or school are more likely to come into contact with respiratory viruses and bacteria, which can lead to OM.

5. Bottle feeding: Bottle-fed infants are at a slightly increased risk of developing OM compared to breastfed infants, as the positioning of the bottle can allow milk to flow into the Eustachian tube, promoting bacterial growth.

Overall, the combination of anatomical, immunological, and environmental factors contributes to the higher prevalence of OM in infants and children.