Braces Pain

Braces are a popular form of orthodontic treatment used to change the position and orientation of teeth, where metal brackets and wires are used to force teeth into their correct position. They can be used to correct issues such as overbites or underbites and crooked teeth. Braces are most effective when used on teenagers, but have become more popular with adults who want a perfect smile. The course of treatment lasts for two years on average, but can take up to six years for severe cases.

How They Work

• Braces consist of multiple small parts connected together. Metal or ceramic brackets are attached to each tooth with a bonding glue, and a thin metal wire called an "arch wire" runs around the mouth across each bracket. Tiny rubber bands called "ligature elastics" are used to hold the arch wire on to the brackets. The arch wire exerts constant pressure on the teeth, which gradually moves them into correct positions over time.

Why Do They Hurt?

• The teeth are firmly rooted in our jaw bones by connecting tissues called periodontal ligaments. In order to change their position, a process called "bone remodeling" is needed to first break down the connecting bone cells, and then regenerate them again. Braces provide the necessary force to initiate this process, however these forces acting on the periodontal ligaments and surrounding jaw bones can cause an aching pain in the jaw.

Aches and Pains

• Jaw pain is common right after a visit to the orthodontist, where the elastics and wires are replaced to put additional force on the teeth. The pain generally lasts for up to a week, as the teeth and jaw become accustomed to the extra pressure. During this time the pain can be exacerbated by eating or chewing gum, so it's best to stick to softer foods. If the pain is severe, ask your orthodontist to make smaller adjustments at each visit.

Remedies

• Over-the-counter pain relief medication such as ibuprofen can help, especially if taken immediately before a visit to the orthodontist or before bed. Chewing gum for the first one or two days after a visit may hurt initially, but this can actually speed up the re-adjustment process and shorten the length of time pain is present. Some patients insist that eating cool or warm foods can help ease the pain.

Ulcers

• Another common source of pain are ulcers, which occur when the brackets rub against the inside of the lips and cheeks, creating blisters. Over time the skin has the ability to become accustomed to the brackets, and the ulcers generally subside. For pain relief, the orthodontist can provide some orthodontic wax which is applied to the brackets, providing a smooth barrier. Anesthetic gels can also provide short-term relief when applied topically.