Mouth and Gum Diseases

Periodontal (gum) disease is a serious and chronic bacterial infection of the mouth. When left untreated, it may seep into your bloodstream and cause problems in other areas of your body. In addition to gum disease, there are a host of other oral conditions that can occur, a few of which can be potentially serious.

Peridontal Disease

• Periodontal disease can develop when the bacteria in plaque (the gummy, colorless film that endlessly forms on teeth) causes an inflammation of the gum's. Gingivitis is the least serious form of periodontal disease and is reversible with treatment by your dentist and a commitment to good oral hygiene.

  When left untreated, gingivitis can progress and turn into periodontitis. Periondontitis occurs when the supportive tissues and bone surrounded the teeth are worn down and destroyed. Over time, teeth can loosen and may have to be extracted.

Other Mouth Disorders

• While gum disease is the most widespread disorder of the mouth, there are a number of other conditions and diseases that can affect the mouth and surrounding tissue.

Burning Mouth Syndrome

• Burning mouth syndrome is a fairly common but poorly understood condition that most frequently affects post-menopausal women. People affected by the disorder experience a burning sensation of the tongue as well as alterations in taste and mouth texture. Burning mouth syndrome goes away by itself after a period of time.

Canker Sores and Cold Sores

• Canker sores are a common form of mouth ulcers. These painful red spots or bumps typically show up on the inner surface of the cheeks and lips, tongue, soft palate and the base of the gums. They may be a sign of a weak or compromised immune system.

  Cold sores or fever blisters are lesions that erupt on the lips. They are related to repetitive outbreaks of the herpes simplex virus, type 1.

Leukoplakia

• Leukoplakia appears on the inside of the cheek or on the tongue as a precancerous lesion. Leukoplakia is the result of chronic irritation that may be due to jagged teeth or rough and uneven spots on dentures, crowns and fillings. The lesions are usually harmless and can be removed surgically.

Oral Cancer

• Symptoms of oral cancer vary considerably. They include red, white or a mixture of red and white patches inside your mouth or on your lips. There may be a sore in one or both of those areas that won't heal.

  You may also experience bleeding in the mouth, discomfort when swallowing and possibly loose teeth. If you experience any of these symptoms, you should see your doctor or dentist as soon as possible.

Mouth Diseases May Indicate Other Health Problems

• A variety of other health conditions may start with abnormal oral conditions. These may include eating disorders, some cancers, syphilis and gonorrhea.