Why does pnumonia occur?

Pneumonia occurs when an infection causes the air sacs in one or both lungs to become inflamed and filled with fluid or pus. This can make it difficult to breathe and can lead to serious complications if left untreated.

The most common cause of pneumonia is bacteria, but viruses, fungi, and other microorganisms can also cause it. Some of the most common types of bacteria that cause pneumonia include:

* Streptococcus pneumoniae

* Haemophilus influenzae

* Mycoplasma pneumoniae

* Chlamydophila pneumoniae

* Legionella pneumophila

Some of the most common types of viruses that cause pneumonia include:

* Influenza virus

* Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

* Parainfluenza virus

* Adenovirus

* Metapneumovirus

Pneumonia can also be caused by fungi, such as:

* Histoplasma capsulatum

* Coccidioides immitis

* Blastomyces dermatitidis

* Aspergillus fumigatus

Other microorganisms that can cause pneumonia include:

* Pneumocystis jirovecii

* Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Pneumonia is most common in people with weakened immune systems, such as:

* Young children

* Older adults

* People with chronic diseases, such as heart disease, lung disease, or diabetes

* People who have recently had surgery

* People who are taking certain medications, such as corticosteroids or chemotherapy

Pneumonia can also be spread through contact with an infected person, such as through coughing or sneezing. It can also be spread through contact with contaminated surfaces or objects.

Symptoms of pneumonia can include:

* Fever

* Cough

* Shortness of breath

* Chest pain

* Chills

* Muscle aches

* Fatigue

* Loss of appetite

* Confusion

If you have any of these symptoms, it is important to see a doctor right away. Pneumonia can be a serious illness, and early treatment is important.

Treatment for pneumonia typically involves antibiotics, which are used to kill the bacteria or other microorganisms that are causing the infection. Other treatments may include:

* Oxygen therapy

* Fluids

* Rest

* Pain relievers

* Cough suppressants

In severe cases, pneumonia may require hospitalization.