What Is Thrush Disease?

Thrush, also known as oral candidiasis, is an oral infection caused by the candida fungus, which is commonly referred to as yeast. Infants, toddlers, seniors and people with weakened immune systems are the most common groups affected by thrush, but anyone can become infected.

Causes

• Thrush occurs when too much yeast is present in the mouth. This can be the result of taking medications, such as antibiotics, as well as uncontrolled diabetes, dry mouth, pregnancy or illness.

Symptoms

• Thrush appears as white lesions resembling cottage cheese inside the mouth that may bleed or cause pain when touched. If the infection spreads to the esophagus, it can cause difficulty swallowing and fever.

Diagnosis

• A physician or dentist examines the mouth to determine if lesions are present. A throat culture may be performed to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment

• Antifungal medications are typically used to treat the infection. A mild case of thrush may not require treatment and should resolve itself in three to eight weeks.

Prevention

• The risk of developing thrush can be minimized by practicing good oral hygiene, quitting smoking and reducing the intake of foods that contain yeast and sugar. Avoid using mouthwashes or sprays that can kill bacteria needed to control yeast.