Cause of Periodontal Disease

Periodontal disease refers to any disease that affects the gums and surrounding supportive tissue. There are several different types of gum diseases, also known as periodontitis.

Types

• Gingivitis is the mildest form of periodontal disease.

  After gingivitis has gone untreated, it can lead to chronic periodontitis or aggressive periodontitis. Necrotizing periodontitis and periodontitis caused by systemic disease are two other forms of gum disease.

Gingivitis

• Gingivitis is caused by poor oral hygiene. If caught early, it can be cured through improved dental hygiene.

Chronic Periodontitis

• Left untreated, gingivitis can lead to chronic periodontitis. Smoking cigarettes can also lead to its development. Chronic periodontitis will generally require more intense cleanings from a dental professional and possibly antibiotic treatment.

Aggressive Periodontitis

• This form of gum disease develops quickly and more severely than chronic periodontitis. It may or may not be preceded by gingivitis. Smoking is thought to be a factor in developing this form as well.

Necrotizing Periodontitis

• This form of disease is found in individuals who have compromised immune systems, such as HIV or other autoimmune diseases.

Systemic Diseases

• Periodontitis caused by systemic disease is usually found in children who have other health conditions, such as diabetes or autoimmune diseases.