Why do your gums hurt?

There are various reasons why your gums may hurt, here are some common causes:

1. Gum Disease:

- Periodontal disease, commonly known as gum disease, occurs when bacteria build-up along your gumline, causing inflammation and infection.

- This can lead to gum pain and discomfort. Untreated gum disease can progress and damage the surrounding bone structure.

2. Poor Oral Hygiene:

- Inadequate brushing and flossing can lead to plaque and tartar buildup, causing your gums to become inflamed and painful.

- Failing to reach certain areas of your mouth during brushing, such as the back teeth, can also result in gum pain.

3. Hormonal Changes:

- Women may experience gum sensitivity or pain during pregnancy or hormonal fluctuations associated with their menstrual cycle.

- Increased progesterone levels can lead to gum inflammation and tenderness.

4. Trauma or Injury:

- Accidental biting of your cheek or tongue, or brushing your teeth too vigorously, can cause gum pain and discomfort.

- Certain dental procedures, like deep cleaning or implant placement, can also result in temporary gum sensitivity.

5. Medical Conditions:

- Some systemic medical conditions, such as diabetes, certain autoimmune disorders, and nutritional deficiencies (especially vitamin C deficiency), can affect gum health, causing pain and inflammation.

- Certain medications, like some chemotherapy drugs, can also lead to gum problems.

6. Sinus Infections:

- In some cases, severe sinus infections can cause pressure and pain in the maxillary sinus, leading to referred gum pain.

- This is because the roots of your upper teeth are in close proximity to your sinus cavities.

7. Grinding or Clenching:

- Bruxism, also known as teeth grinding or clenching, can put excessive force on your teeth and gums, causing discomfort and pain.

- This can lead to sensitive and sore gums.

8. Dry Mouth:

- A condition called xerostomia, where your mouth doesn't produce enough saliva, can lead to dry tissues in the oral cavity, including the gums. This dryness can cause gum irritation and discomfort.

9. Impacted Tooth:

- If you have an impacted tooth (a tooth that is unable to break through the gum tissue properly), it can press on the surrounding gums, causing pain.

- Wisdom teeth, the third molars, are commonly impacted and can lead to gum pain.

10. Gum Abscess:

- A gum abscess occurs when bacteria reach the underlying bone of the teeth and form a pus-filled pocket.

- This is a severe infection that causes significant gum pain, swelling, and tenderness.

It is important to visit a dentist or periodontist if you experience persistent or severe gum pain. They can accurately diagnose the underlying cause and recommend appropriate treatment.