What are different types of gum infections?

Gum infections can be classified into several types based on their severity, location, and underlying causes. Here are some common types of gum infections:

1. Gingivitis: Gingivitis is the earliest stage of gum infection and is characterized by inflammation and swelling of the gums. It is typically caused by poor oral hygiene, allowing bacteria to accumulate along the gum line. Symptoms may include red, puffy, and bleeding gums, especially when brushing or flossing.

2. Periodontitis: Periodontitis is a more severe form of gum infection that affects the supporting structures of the teeth, including the periodontal ligaments and alveolar bone. It is caused by the progression of untreated gingivitis. Periodontitis can lead to gum recession, bone loss, and eventually tooth loss. Symptoms include persistent bad breath, loose teeth, and deep pockets between the teeth and gums.

3. Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis (NUG): NUG is a rare but severe form of gum infection characterized by the rapid destruction of gum tissue. It is often associated with systemic illnesses, malnutrition, or immunosuppression. Symptoms may include intense pain, bleeding gums, and ulcerations that extend into the underlying tissues.

4. Abscess: A gum abscess is a localized infection that forms within the gum tissue. It can be caused by bacterial invasion into the deep periodontal pockets or through a break in the gum tissue. Symptoms may include swelling, pain, redness, and tenderness in the affected area, as well as difficulty chewing and swallowing.

5. Pericoronitis: Pericoronitis is an infection that occurs around the crown of an erupting tooth, most commonly wisdom teeth. The gum tissue surrounding the partially erupted tooth becomes inflamed and infected. Symptoms may include pain, swelling, redness, and difficulty opening the mouth.

6. Trench Mouth (Acute Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis): Trench mouth is a severe and rapidly progressing gum infection that affects the gums, tonsils, and other areas of the mouth. It is characterized by ulcerations, bleeding gums, foul odor, and severe pain. This condition is often associated with poor oral hygiene and malnutrition.

It is important to note that gum infections can vary in severity and symptoms, and prompt treatment is crucial to prevent complications. Regular dental check-ups and good oral hygiene practices help maintain healthy gums and prevent gum infections.